Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop in or on the ovaries, and they are a common part of many women’s reproductive health journey. In most cases, ovarian cysts are harmless and may even resolve on their own without treatment. However, some cysts can grow larger, cause symptoms such as pelvic pain or bloating, or lead to complications if left unchecked. This is why timely medical evaluation is important. Women who experience unusual symptoms are encouraged to consult a trusted gynae Singapore specialist or visit a reputable gynae clinic in Singapore for proper assessment and care. Read more to explore the types of ovarian cysts, symptoms to watch for, and treatment options available.
Types of Ovarian Cysts
Ovarian cysts can take many forms, and knowing the different types can help women understand their symptoms and seek timely medical care. While most cysts are harmless and resolve on their own, some may require monitoring or treatment.
Here are the main types of ovarian cysts:
- Functional Cysts – the most common type of ovarian cysts and form naturally during the menstrual cycle. They are usually harmless and often disappear on their own within a few weeks. Follicular cysts occur when a follicle fails to release an egg, while corpus luteum cysts form after the egg is released but the follicle doesn’t dissolve properly. Functional cysts rarely cause serious complications but may lead to mild pelvic discomfort or irregular periods.
- Dermoid Cysts – are benign growths that can contain different types of tissues, such as hair, skin, or even teeth. While they may not cause symptoms initially, they can grow over time and lead to abdominal discomfort or complications. In some cases, surgical removal is recommended, especially if the cyst becomes large or symptomatic.
- Endometriomas – develop as a result of endometriosis, a condition where uterine tissue grows outside the uterus. These cysts can cause chronic pelvic pain, heavy periods, and may affect fertility. Women with endometriomas are encouraged to have regular check-ups with a gynae Singapore specialist to monitor the cyst and manage symptoms effectively.
- Cystadenomas – are fluid-filled growths that develop on the surface of the ovary. They can grow large and cause abdominal bloating, pressure, or discomfort. Depending on the size and symptoms, surgical intervention may be necessary.
Women experiencing unusual symptoms of ovarian cysts should consult a gynae specialist for proper diagnosis and care.
Common Symptoms of Ovarian Cysts
Most ovarian cysts cause no noticeable symptoms, but some can result in discomfort or other problems. Early awareness helps women seek advice from a gynae specialist. Typical symptoms include:
- Pelvic Pain or Discomfort – A dull or sharp pain in the lower abdomen, often on one side, may indicate a cyst.
- Bloating or Abdominal Fullness – Some cysts can cause the abdomen to feel swollen or heavy.
- Irregular Menstrual Cycles – Missed periods, heavier bleeding, or spotting between periods can be linked to ovarian cysts.
- Pain During Sex – Discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse may be a warning sign.
- Frequent Urination or Difficulty Emptying Bladder – Large cysts can press on the bladder, causing urinary changes.
- Sudden Severe Pain – A sudden, intense pelvic or abdominal pain may indicate cyst rupture or torsion and requires urgent medical attention.
Diagnosis: How a Gynae Singapore Can Help
When ovarian cysts are suspected, a gynae specialist in Singapore will first perform a pelvic examination to check for any abnormal swelling or tenderness in the ovaries. This initial assessment helps determine whether further imaging is needed.
The most common diagnostic tool is a pelvic ultrasound, which provides a clear view of the size, location, and type of cyst. In some cases, additional imaging like CT or MRI scans may be recommended to get a more detailed assessment. Blood tests, such as CA-125, may also be used to check for markers that could indicate complications, especially in women at higher risk.
Early and accurate diagnosis is key to determining the appropriate management for ovarian cysts. Regular follow-ups help track any changes in size or symptoms, ensuring timely intervention if complications arise.
Treatment Options
Treatment for ovarian cysts depends on the type, size, and symptoms. A gynae specialist will recommend the most suitable approach:
- Medication – Hormonal contraceptives or other medications may help prevent new cysts from forming or manage symptoms.
- Minimally Invasive Surgery – Laparoscopic cyst removal may be recommended if the cyst is large, persistent, or causing symptoms. This approach reduces recovery time and scarring.
- Oophorectomy – In rare cases, removal of the affected ovary may be necessary, particularly for cysts that are complex or suspicious.
- Pain Management – Over-the-counter or prescription pain relief can help manage discomfort while monitoring or treatment is underway.
Preventive Care and Follow-Up
Even when ovarian cysts are harmless, regular monitoring is important to maintain reproductive health. Women are encouraged to schedule routine check-ups with a gynae specialist, especially if they have a history of cysts or experience menstrual irregularities. Periodic pelvic exams and ultrasounds help track any changes in the ovaries and detect new cysts early.
Lifestyle habits can also support ovarian health. Maintaining a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and keeping track of menstrual cycles can provide useful insights into your reproductive health. Any unusual symptoms, even if mild, should be discussed with a specialist to ensure timely intervention and peace of mind. Follow-up care allows for early detection of potential complications and helps women make informed decisions about their treatment options.
Conclusion
Ovarian cysts are common and often harmless, but recognising the symptoms and seeking timely care is essential to prevent complications. Regular check-ups and early evaluation by a gynae specialist in Singapore can ensure peace of mind and effective management. If you are experiencing pelvic pain, bloating, or irregular periods, don’t wait! Consult an experienced gynaecologist today at:
Centre For Endometriosis And Fibroids – A/Prof Fong Yoke Fai | Gynaecologist Singapore
38 Irrawaddy Rd, #05-49 Mount Elizabeth Novena Medical Centre, Singapore 329563
Phone: +65 6334 1981
